Biodiversity and its Importance

 Biodiversity

It is the shortened form of two words biological and diversity. It refers to all the variety of life that can be found on Earth (plants, animals, fungi and microorganisms) as well as to the communities that they form and the habitats in which they live. According to biologist there is more than 100 million kind of organisms, biodiversity depend on climate, altitude and structure of soil. Tropical areas of earth have richer biodiversity whereas Polar areas have less. There are 23, 000 different animals and 6000 plants in Pakistan.

Importance of Biodiversity

➢ Biodiversity provide great variety of food for human (crop, livestock, forestry and fish). 

➢ It play a very key role in health of human and animals. We used fungi, plants and animals as medicines such as streptomycin, neomycin and erythromycin are obtained from fungi, drugs like caffeine, morphine, quinine etc. are acquired from plants. 

➢ It is play very key role in the production of industrial material such as building material, fibers, dyes, resin, gums, adhesive rubber and oil are get from plants. 

➢ It is a vital constituent of ecosystem. Species show contact among them, each species has been play a particular role in ecosystem. 

➢ Lose of species make the ecosystem less productive e.g. water cycle, nitrogen etc. going on ecosystem. 

➢ Fertility of soil, balanced climate and several other features depend on biodiversity.